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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00202_Field_frep110.txt
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1996-12-30
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We can think of Hering's
yellow-blue and red-green
processes as separate channels
in the nervous system, whose
outputs can be represented as
two meters, like old-fashioned
voltmeters, with the indicator
of one meter swinging to the
left of zero to register yellow
and to the right to register blue
and the other meter doing the
same for red versus green. The
color of an object can then be
described in terms of the two
readings. Hering's third
antagonistic process (you can
think of it as a third voltmeter)
registered black versus white.
He realized that black and gray
are not produced simply by
absence of light coming from an
object or surface but arise when
and only when the light from
the object is less than the
average of the light coming
from the surrounding regions.
White arises only when the
surround is darker and when no
hue is present. (I have already
discussed this in Chapter 3,
with examples such as the
turned-off television set.) In
Hering's theory, the black-
white process requires a spatial
comparison, or subtraction of
reflectances, whereas his
yellow-blue and red-green
processes represent something
occurring in one particular
place in the visual field,
without regard to the
surrounds. (Hering was
certainly aware that
neighboring colors interact,
but his color theory as
enunciated in his latest work
does not encompass those
phenomena.) We have already
seen that black versus white is
indeed represented in the
retina and brain by spatially
opponent excitatory and
inhibitory (on versus off)
processes that are literally
antagonistic.